Cells are the building blocks of every organism on Earth. In this video we find out about the huge range and different types of plant and animal cells and various specialised cells.
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Cells can be either Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic.
Eukaryotes are organisms which contain eukaryotic cells. Organisms containing prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes . these are single cell organisms.
Taking a (much) closer look...
Watch this video and use it to answer the questions
Inside cells... (subcellular structures)
Most animal cells have:
Plant cells have the all the above but also have...
Specialised cells
Chromosomes and Mitosis
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Use the video to make a copy of the image below to explain the processes involved in Mitosis
Active transport
- How does active transport differ from diffusion and osmosis?
- Why is active transport into cells sometimes needed?
- Give an example of where active transport happens in humans
- Give an example of where active transport happens in plants.
Exchanging substances : Lungs
Exchanging substances : Guts
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The partly digested food exits the stomach and enters the small intestine. In the first part of the small intestine bile, from the gall bladder, and pancreatic juices , from the pancreas, are added.
Both the bile and pancreatic juices help to neutralise the acid from the stomach providing the optimum pH conditions (approximately pH6 to pH8) for the enzymes to work.
Bile also emulsifies any fats present in the part digested food.
This provides a greater surface area for the digestive enzymes to work on. The pancreatic juices contain enzymes to digest carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
Exchanging substances : Leaves
- By what process does carbon dioxide and oxygen enter or leave a leaf?
- What structure in the leaf allows the gases to enter or leave?
- What do the guard cells do?
- In what ways are leaves adapted to maximise gas exchange?