Oxygen is a key component of the atmosphere and is critical for the support of life. Its reactivity makes it essential for respiration and combus...
three of the halogens: chlorine (a green gas), bromine (a orange brown liquid), iodine (a grey solid)
Introduction Group 17 ( used to be group 7) contains a set of non-metals known collectively as The Halogens. Like many families, the ...
Classic reactions of the alkali metals with water
Gases can be compressed
Physically gases have a number of similarities. For example - all gases will: fill the container in which they are placed and adopt its sha...
most salts are crystalline ionic compounds
2.34 Defining salts Common "table" salt ( sodium chloride) is found dissolved in large quantities in seawater. Sodium Chloride i...
The pH of everyday substances and their pH values can be found using universal indicator
Acids and alkalis are all around us; many everyday foods, drinks, cleaning products are acidic or alkaline. Study the image of the pH scale "wheel". T...
Fireworks get their colours from the metal cations in them
2.45 - 2.46 Up in flames Fireworks produce a whole range of different colours. All fireworks release energy in the form of heat energy and are t...
Rust forms on iron and steel as a result of a redox reaction between iron and oxygen.
2.15 - 2.20 Loss and gain Oxidation and reduction reactions are very commonplace. When a element combines with oxygen that element is said to ha...
2.23 Activity 3. Aluminium extraction Electrolysis is used to extract reactive metals from their ores. Aluminium is a good example of this....