Organic Reaction pathways OCRAQAEdexcel Aliphatic routes Aromatic routes Learn the reagents and changes
Carbohydrates in one form or another are found in in very many foods.
Carbohydrates or "Carbs" are not only essential components of a balanced diet, providing energy and fibre, but can also provide the raw materials to produce useful, biodegradable "eco"polymers . Jayne explains.. The truth about carbs - NHS Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy, but the idea that "car...
Some molecules exist in two forms - a left handed and right handed form.
Chemistry Nobel awarded for mirror-image molecules - BBC News Two scientists have been awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on building molecules that are mirror images of one another. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-58814418 Edexcel Year 13 chemistry students will find out that molecules can be "handed". This is ...
water expands when it freezes and ice therefore floats
1. Why is water a liquid and not a gas ( between 0 and 100oC) ? Water has a Relative Molecular mass ( Mr) of 18 ... Oxygen's Mr is 32. If Mr was the only factor that affects the state of a substance then wouldn't you expect water to be a gas ? 2. Why does Ice float on water? Most liquids become more dense as they cool. This caus...
The Odessa port plant in the Ukraine produces ammonia and other nitrogenous fertilisers.
Scientists agree that too much carbon dioxide is still being released into the atmosphere by human activity. Yet in this recent article, the BBC report on how a shortage of carbon dioxide is causing concern for meat producers and consumers amongst others.... Carbon dioxide 'threatens food security' says meat industry - BBC...
If you are just about to start out on an A level course - now is the time to start getting your brain back in gear. In this post, the tutors at Goldhill Education offer a pre-term checklist to help you hit the ground running. Before anything else, preparation is the key to success Alexander Graham Bell Your GCSE studies wi...
Biodiesel: used cooking oils and fats can be used as an alternative to fossil fuels to power vehicles.
In this post, Jayne gives examples of different types of lipids and explains what they are composed of and their corresponding functions in the human body. There are different types of Lipid found in living organisms. Triglycerides, phospholipids and sterols are those you are likely to come across at A Level. A typical question may ask you to descr...
An image of a virus particle
Viruses cause diseases such as the common cold, COVID-19, mumps, measles, HIV and Polio to name but a few. It is common at A Level to be asked why viruses are classed as 'non-living' or why antibiotics are not used when someone is infected by them. In this post, we will discuss the answers to these two important questions and ex...
Explaining Biology Clearly - you tube. Jayne now has a youtube channel where she is sharing her "no frills" explanations of the major biological ideas, concepts and knowledge to be found in the current A level courses. These are simple, no frills explanations produced live by Jayne with her pen, her whiteboard and her calm, clear, ...
A high power image of bacterial cells.
Comparing Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells In this post Jayne explains how to compare and contrast Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells. At A Level there is often a question asking you to give the differences between the two types of cells. Interestingly, the word 'eu' means 'true' and the word 'karyon' refers to 'nucleus.' So 'Euka...