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1.17 Relative atomic mass

1.17 Relative atomic mass

Uncategorized IGCSE Chemistry Principles of chemistry Atomic structure
The mass spectrum of boron

 1.17 Activity 2. Calculating relative atomic mass.  Students should: 1.17 be able to calculate the relative atomic mass of an element (Ar) from isotopicabundances.  Sorting by mass A mass spectrometer is an instrument which can separate and sort the particles in a sample of an element according to their mass. The output from a ...

1.16 Isotopes

1.16 Isotopes

IGCSE Chemistry Principles of chemistry Atomic structure

 1.16 Activity 1. Three types of carbon atom  Students should: 1.16 know what is meant by the terms atomic number, mass number, isotopes and relative atomic mass (Ar). Use this animation to explore the number and type of sub atomic particles which make up the three isotopes of carbon. Use the information to complete a copy of th...

1.15 Subatomic particles

1.15 Subatomic particles

IGCSE Chemistry Principles of chemistry Atomic structure
An orbital model of a carbon atom
masses and charges of subatomic particles

 1.15 Sub atomic particles  Students should: 1.15 know the structure of an atom in terms of the positions, relative masses and relativecharges of sub-atomic particles. Here we look at the particles inside the atom. Sub atomic particles are the particles found inside atoms. These include protons, neutrons and electrons: protons a...

1.14 Atoms and molecules

1.14 Atoms and molecules

IGCSE Chemistry Principles of chemistry Atomic structure

If a nucleus was the size of a raisin, the rest of the atom would be the size of a sports stadium

Your carbon footprint

Your carbon footprint

Chemistry A Level IGCSE Chemistry

reducing your carbon footprint Although this is aimed at students of the IB diploma - it is relevant to all .... Enter your text here ...

Acids, Bases, pH, Indicators and Buffers
David Fowkes
Chemistry A Level
Universal indicator is useful for giving an estimated value for the pH of a substance Background  This topic is mostly about equilibria so it is important for students to understand that concept first. Before tackling this topic make sure you : understand dynamic equilibriacan write and manipulate equilibrium expressions for a range of reactions.can estimate the pH value of a solution using universal indicator know th...
Acids, Alkalis and pH
David Fowkes
IGCSE Chemistry
Universal indicator is useful for giving an estimated value for the pH of a substance Background  ​You should already know that: • some substances are acidic • the opposite of acidic is alkaline • acids and alkalis can be harmful • we can measure acidity or alkalinity using the pH scale Strong acids ​When an acid molecule ionises completely when in solution in water, it is regarded as a strong acid. It is said to...
Carboxylic Acids old
David Fowkes
IGCSE Chemistry
Bee stings contain formic acid Carboxylic acids can occur naturally : When alcohols are oxidised they can produce a type of acid known as a carboxylic acid.   one example of a carboxylic acid is ethanoic acid . This is also known as Acetic acid and is the acid found in vinegar. Other examples of carboxylic acids are methanoic acid ( also known as formic acid)  whi...
Synthetic polymers
David Fowkes
IGCSE Chemistry
Thermoplastic Polymers ( plastics) are used to make a huge range of everyday objects Many organic molecules can be made to join up with one another to form very long molecules which can be thousands of atoms long. This makes new materials with water resistant properties.  Many of these materials will soften when heated and can therefore be easily moulded into complex shape.These materials are known are...
Methane, Ammonia and Water
David Fowkes
Chemistry A Level
Accounting for electrons. The images in this slideshow here show how we can account for the way in which electrons are shared between atoms.  Use the first of the three buttons to the top left of the animation to see the outer electron configuration of each atom. Construct a table to show the name of the molecule, formula, no.of bond...
Extraction and uses of metals
David Fowkes
IGCSE Chemistry
The Bast furnace enables us to extract pure iron from iron oxide Modern methods   Activity 1 : Phytomining and Bioleaching Watch the video carefully, stopping where necessary to answer the questions below: QuestionsAnswers  Explain the main difference between high grade ore and low grade ore.What is happening to the supply of high grade copper ore?Explain what is meant by bioleachin...
1.3 Diffusion
David Fowkes
IGCSE Chemistry
Particle theory explains why the smell of cooking in the kitchen can quickly be smelt by people in other rooms.  1.3 Activity 4. A particular problem  Students should: 1.3 understand how the results of experiments involving the dilution of coloured solutions and diffusion of gases can be explained. Particle theory states that all matter consists of many, very small particles which are constantly moving or in a continual state of motion. T...
1.1 - 1.2 The three states
David Fowkes
IGCSE Chemistry
Solid, liquid or gas?  1.1 Introducing the states Matter can exist in one of three fundamental states: Solid, Liquid or Gas Here we consider the way in which these three states behave We see how matter can be converted from one state into another and we introduce the terms used for these changes. Evaporation, condensation, melting, freezing , sublimation and deposi...
1.4 - 1.7 Solubility
David Fowkes
IGCSE Chemistry
Gases can diffuse into each other . This is because the particles in a gas are in a state of constant random motion.   1.4 Activity 5 : Defining diffusion, diluting and dissolving Gases can diffuse into each other . This is because the particles in a gas are in a state of constant random motion. Liquids can diffuse into other liquids. Whe...

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